African Fossils

Homo sapiens

Omo 2

Age approx. 0.20 Million Years Digital Capture: Photogrammetry

Dimensions: x=208.00; y=152.00; z=125.00 mm

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Excavation

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Two important hominid specimens were found in 1967 by an expedition led by Richard Leakey to a site called Kibish, in the Omo Valley in southern Ethiopia. The dates of these specimens were recently revisited and secured at 195,000 years. The Kibish skull of Omo 2 and the partial skull, mandible and associated postcranial bones of Omo 1, mark the critical earliest fossil evidence of modern Homo sapiens in Africa. This evidence, alongside the molecular and genetic evidence, confirms that our own species, Homo sapiens, evolved in Africa. It is now understood from molecular evidence that Homo sapiens first left Africa somewhere between 90,000 to 75,000 years ago in new waves of migration and dispersal.

Order: Primates

Family: Hominidae

Tribe: Hominini

Genus: Homo

Species: sapiens

Element: Cranium

Locality: Kibish, Omo Valley, Southern Ethiopia

Year of Discovery: 1967

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MAY 2020

You may have noticed that some of our 3D digital models are currently unavailable for web viewing. We are working to transition these models to a new visualization tool and appreciate your patience. Contact us at africanfossils@turkanabasin.org if you have any questions.

OUR MISSION

African Fossils seeks to increase public knowledge about prehistory by harnessing modern technology. Through digitizing otherwise inaccessible discoveries, African Fossils is dedicated to creating a growing repository of 3D models of significant fossils and artifacts, thus making them freely accessible to all. By allowing members to share their 3D printed creations, we hope to aid teachers, students and enthusiasts to exchange ideas and to be inspired to think about our tenuous place on the planet.

OUR METHODS

Most of the models have been captured using photometry and an SLR camera mounted on a tripod. The software used to convert the photos into 3D digital models are: Autodesk®123D™ Catch, Autodesk® ReCap™ Photo and the point clouds are processed using Autodesk® ReCap™ Photo and Meshlab. Many of the models were captured using the Artec range of Structured Light Scanners, Artec Spider, Artec Eva and Artec Space Spider in conjunction with the software Artec Studio. In addition some of models were captured using the LMI Technologies structured light scanner. The scanned collections include specimens housed in the National Museums of Kenya and the Turkana Basin Institute field stations. Some scans are taken from cast replicas rather than original specimens. The digital models on this site have been made available under the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-Share Alike License. Please refer to the Disclaimer and Terms and Conditions for more information.

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The African Fossils virtual laboratory has been built with the technical and financial support of Autodesk. Our other principal partners are the Turkana Basin Institute, and the National Museums of Kenya, Stony Brook University and the National Geographic Society.

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